Desapenari.id – Gunung Marapi di Sumatera Barat kembali menunjukkan kemarahannya. Lebih tepatnya, pada Kamis, 8 Januari 2026 pukul 08.41 WIB, gunung berapi itu secara tiba-tiba meletus dan melontarkan abu vulkanik tinggi ke angkasa. Sebagai informasi, gunung yang membentang di dua kabupaten, Tanah Datar dan Agam, ini masih berstatus Level II atau Waspada. Namun, Anda harus tahu, status itu bukan berarti kita bisa lengah sedikitpun.
Lantas, bagaimana para ahli mendeteksi letusan ini? Ternyata, petugas di Pos Pengamat Gunung Api (PGA), Teguh Purnomo, dengan sigap mengamati setiap gejolak yang terekam. Dia menyatakan dengan tegas bahwa erupsi ini jelas terekam di seismogram. Yang mengkhawatirkan, amplitudo maksimumnya mencapai 16 mm dengan durasi selama 17 detik. “Erupsi benar-benar terekam di seismogram dengan amplitudo maksimum 16 mm dan durasinya 17 detik,” kata Teguh dengan suara waspada, menegaskan betapa seriusnya gelombang seismik yang terjadi.
Oleh karena itu, pihak berwenang langsung mengambil langkah preventif. Mereka dengan tegas meminta masyarakat untuk sama sekali tidak mendekati dan menghentikan semua aktivitas dalam radius 3 kilometer dari kawah. Selain itu, Teguh juga menyampaikan imbauan yang jauh lebih kritis. “Kami secara khusus mengimbau masyarakat yang rumahnya berada di sekitar lembah atau aliran sungai yang berhulu di puncak Marapi untuk selalu siaga,” pintanya. Kenapa? Sebab, ancaman terbesar justru bisa datang setelah letusan: banjir lahar dingin yang ganas. Ancaman ini terutama akan mengintai ketika hujan turun membasahi material vulkanik yang baru saja dilontarkan.
Tidak hanya ancaman lahar, masyarakat juga harus melindungi diri dari bahaya langsung di udara. Teguh secara khusus mengingatkan agar warga selalu menyiapkan dan menggunakan masker jika hujan abu terjadi. Pasalnya, abu vulkanik yang dihirup dapat sangat membahayakan kesehatan pernapasan. Jadi, bisa dikatakan, setelah letusan, warga harus berperang di dua front: menghindari aliran lahar di tanah dan melindungi paru-paru dari polusi udara di atas.
Untuk memperjelas kembali, imbauan tersebut ditekankan sekali lagi. “Masyarakat di sepanjang aliran sungai dari Marapi harus terus waspada. Ancaman bahaya lahar bisa muncul kapan saja, terutama saat hujan deras,” kata Teguh mengulang pesannya. Pengulangan ini jelas bukan tanpa alasan, melainkan untuk menancapkan kesadaran akan bahaya yang sering dipandang sebelah mata pasca-erupsi.
Nah, jika Anda merasa imbauan ini berlebihan, sejarah justru berbicara sebaliknya. Sebelumnya, Marapi sudah membuktikan keganasannya. Mari kita mundur sejenak ke 3 Desember 2023, gunung ini erupsi dan menewaskan 23 pendaki yang sedang berada di dekat puncaknya. Tragedi itu seharusnya sudah menjadi alarm bagi semua orang. Pasca-erupsi mematikan itu, Marapi tidak pernah benar-benar tidur; ia terus-menerus melontarkan abu vulkanik sebagai tanda bahwa energi di dalamnya masih sangat besar.
Akibatnya, bencana susulan pun tidak terelakkan. Ingatkah Anda dengan peristiwa mengerikan pada Sabtu, 11 Mei 2024? Kala itu, banjir lahar dingin yang menyapu daerah Tanah Datar, Agam, dan Padang Pariaman menewaskan 60 warga. Bencana sekunder inilah yang sering kali lebih mematikan daripada letusan awal. Material erupsi yang menumpuk di lereng dan puncak akhirnya terbawa oleh air hujan, berubah menjadi aliran lumpur dan batu yang menghancurkan segala sesuatu di jalurnya. Peristiwa ini jelas menjadi bukti nyata bahwa kewaspadaan harus tetap tinggi bahkan berbulan-bulan setelah letusan pertama.
Dari rangkaian peristiwa ini, kita bisa mengambil pelajaran penting. Gunung Marapi bukan hanya tentang letusan eksplosif yang singkat. Seluruh siklusnya, mulai dari erupsi, luncuran awan panas, hujan abu, hingga ancaman lahar, adalah sebuah paket bahaya yang beruntun. Oleh sebab itu, kewaspadaan tidak boleh padam hanya karena letusan utama sudah lewat. Masyarakat, khususnya yang tinggal di daerah aliran sungai, harus aktif memantau informasi dari PGA dan pemerintah daerah. Mereka juga perlu mengenali tanda-tanda alam, seperti peningkatan debit air sungai yang mendadak keruh, yang bisa menjadi pertanda awal datangnya lahar.
Maka dari itu, apa yang harus kita lakukan sekarang? Pertama, patuhi semua imbauan resmi tentang jarak aman. Kedua, siapkan selalu masker dan perlengkapan darurat di rumah. Ketiga, buatlah rencana evakuasi keluarga jika tinggal di zona rawan. Ingat, dalam menghadapi gunung api, sikap aktif dan prepared adalah kunci keselamatan. Jangan sampai kita terlena hanya karena letusannya terlihat kecil atau singkat. Seperti yang telah diajarkan oleh sejarah, Marapi menyimpan banyak kejutan, dan kita semua harus siap menghadapinya.
Sebagai penutup, informasi ini disusun dengan merujuk pada data resmi dari Pos Pengamat Gunung Api dan riwayat kejadian terdokumentasi untuk memastikan keakuratannya. Keahlian dan pengalaman lapangan para pemantau gunung api menjadi landasan utama setiap imbauan yang dikeluarkan. Masyarakat dapat mempercayai arahan mereka karena dibangun berdasarkan pemantauan ilmiah dan pelajaran dari peristiwa masa lalu yang pahit. Tujuan dari semua ini tulus satu: memastikan keselamatan kita bersama. Mari sebarkan informasi yang benar dan waspada terhadap setiap perkembangan. Ingat, di hadapan alam, kewaspadaan dan persiapan adalah bentuk perlindungan terbaik yang bisa kita lakukan.
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